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Supernovae
HISTORY --Dramatic event outshine Venus, visible even in daylight. There are cave drawings of these events which are 10,000 years old.
How often? ~100 years between, per galaxy 1054 Special Chinese documented light curve compared to others. Rediscovered by Messie M1 The Crab Nebula An astronomers delight: Emits radio, visible, and x-rays Contains a pulsar at center this is the supernova/pulsar link
Appearance at maximum light Mv ~ -19 (109 1010 times Lsun) type II is 2 times less puts out 1049 ergs Type I Spectra show broad features not understood Type II Ejects far more mass than type I
Evolution to Supernova Stellar Mass ranges
steps 3 and 5 may not occur often Most supernovae come from shell burning Source of all heavy elements "We are all from the stars"
The Orion Skin Model (Ne core) (O core) (Si core) works up tp Fe +Ni à Fe-Ni core When this process endes, Fe-Ni core collapses. Runaway burning explosive nucleosynthesis. Generates trans Iron Energy released: 1049 ergs visible 1051 ergs kinetic ~1054 ergs neutrinosß basic pressure source
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